{"id":1427,"date":"2021-05-04T16:52:16","date_gmt":"2021-05-04T19:52:16","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/petrusraulino.com.br\/?p=1427"},"modified":"2024-11-11T17:20:18","modified_gmt":"2024-11-11T20:20:18","slug":"post-traumatic-stress-disorder-in-severe-post-covid-19-patients","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/petrusraulino.com.br\/en\/post-traumatic-stress-disorder-in-severe-post-covid-19-patients\/","title":{"rendered":"Post-traumatic stress disorder in severe post-COVID-19 patients"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><em><strong>By Dr. Petrus Raulino<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<h2>What is Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder?<\/h2>\n<p>Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a common, impactful and complex mental disorder that occurs after exposure to traumatic events.<\/p>\n<p>PTSD is characterized by intrusive thoughts and reliving the trauma:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Flashback-type dissociative reactions;<\/li>\n<li>Efforts to avoid thoughts, feelings, places or people related to the trauma;<\/li>\n<li>Persistently negative mood and cognition;<\/li>\n<li>Hyperexcitation evidenced by anxiety, difficulty sleeping and irritability.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Failure to recover from PTSD can have detrimental effects on the individual's social functioning, as well as on their health and family life.<\/p>\n<p>Studies show that individuals who have experienced public health emergencies, such as pandemics, can present <a href=\"https:\/\/petrusraulino.com.br\/en\/paternal-stress-associated-with-brain-alterations-in-newborn-children\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">symptoms of stress<\/a> to varying degrees, even after the situation in question has ended.<\/p>\n<p>Research carried out by the Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS in Rome and published in JAMA Psychiatry studied a group of patients who were diagnosed with COVID-19, remained hospitalized and, after recovery, were referred to a post-acute care service for multidisciplinary assessment.<\/p>\n<p>The patients were assessed by psychiatrists trained to diagnose PTSD according to the DSM-V criteria.<\/p>\n<h2>Study results<\/h2>\n<p>Of the 381 patients evaluated, 115 patients (30.2%) had PTSD. In the total sample, the additional diagnoses were depressive episode (17.3%), hypomanic episode (0.7%), generalized anxiety disorder (7%) and psychotic disorders (0.2%).<\/p>\n<p>The study also showed risk factors associated with higher rates of PTSD: female gender; a history of previous psychiatric disorders; delirium or agitation during the acute phase of the illness; and persistence of symptoms after hospitalization.<\/p>\n<p>The research findings were relevant because they drew our attention to the need for psychiatric assessment for differential diagnosis of symptomatic post-COVID-19 patients, given the high prevalence of PTSD, in line with studies in the context of other pandemics.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h4>References<\/h4>\n<p>Janiri, D., Carf\u00ec, A., Kotzalidis, G. D., Bernabei, R., Landi, F., Sani, G., ... &amp; Post-Acute Care Study Group. (2021). Posttraumatic stress disorder in patients after severe COVID-19 infection. JAMA psychiatry.<\/p>\n<p>Yuan, K., Gong, Y. M., Liu, L., Sun, Y. K., Tian, S. S., Wang, Y. J., ... &amp; Lu, L. (2021). Prevalence of posttraumatic stress disorder after infectious disease pandemics in the twenty-first century, including COVID-19: a meta-analysis and systematic review. Molecular psychiatry, 1-17.<\/p>\n<p>Rogers, J. P., Chesney, E., Oliver, D., Pollak, T. A., McGuire, P., Fusar-Poli, P., ... &amp; David, A. S. (2020). Psychiatric and neuropsychiatric presentations associated with severe coronavirus infections: a systematic review and meta-analysis with comparison to the COVID-19 pandemic. The Lancet Psychiatry, 7(7), 611-627.<\/p>\n<p>Shalev, A., Liberzon, I., &amp; Marmar, C. (2017). Posttraumatic stress disorder. New England Journal of Medicine, 376(25), 2459-2469.<\/p>\n<p>Kirkpatrick, H. A., &amp; Heller, G. M. (2014). Post-traumatic stress disorder: theory and treatment update. The International Journal of Psychiatry in Medicine, 47(4), 337-346.<\/p>\n<p>American Psychiatric Association (2014). DSM-5: Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. Artmed Publishing.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>By Dr. Petrus Raulino What is Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder? Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a common, impactful and complex mental disorder that occurs after exposure to traumatic events. PTSD is characterized by intrusive thoughts and reliving the trauma through: Flashback-like dissociative reactions; Efforts to avoid thoughts, [...]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":1447,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_joinchat":[],"footnotes":""},"categories":[127,115,121,117],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1427","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-biologia-e-saude-mental","category-informativo","category-saude-mental","category-transtornos-psicologicos"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v24.7 (Yoast SEO v26.4) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>Transtorno de estresse p\u00f3s-traum\u00e1tico pacientes p\u00f3s-COVID grave<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"O Transtorno de Estresse p\u00f3s-Traum\u00e1tico \u00e9 um transtorno mental comum, impactante e 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